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Onomasticon

2026-01-26T13:01:07Z

RegisRobineau: /* Description */

==Available==

https://outils.biblissima.fr/en/onomasticon

==Description==

Onomasticon is a web page that allows to search within three Greek and Latin onomastics dictionaries:

* Forcellini-Perin 1913-1920 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin)
* Forcellini-De Vit 1859-1892 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin, up to the end of letter O)
* Pape-Benseler 1863-1870 : ''Wörterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen'' (Greek-German in Gothic script)

==Authors==

* Philippe Verkerk
* Régis Robineau

==Credits==

Sources of digital copies of the dictionaries: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Munich, Princeton University Library, National Library of Czech Republic

[[category:tools]]
[[category:Onomastics]]
[[Category:Prosopography]]

Onomasticon

2026-01-26T13:00:38Z

RegisRobineau: Created page with "==Available== https://outils.biblissima.fr/en/onomasticon ==Description== Onomasticon is a web page that allows to search within three Greek and Latin onomastics dictionaries: - Forcellini-Perin 1913-1920 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin) - Forcellini-De Vit 1859-1892 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin, up to the end of letter O) - Pape-Benseler 1863-1870 : ''Wörterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen'' (Greek-German in Gothic script) ==Authors== * Philippe Verkerk * Régi..."

==Available==

https://outils.biblissima.fr/en/onomasticon

==Description==

Onomasticon is a web page that allows to search within three Greek and Latin onomastics dictionaries:

- Forcellini-Perin 1913-1920 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin)
- Forcellini-De Vit 1859-1892 : ''Onomasticon'' (Latin-Latin, up to the end of letter O)
- Pape-Benseler 1863-1870 : ''Wörterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen'' (Greek-German in Gothic script)

==Authors==

* Philippe Verkerk
* Régis Robineau

==Credits==

Sources of digital copies of the dictionaries: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Munich, Princeton University Library, National Library of Czech Republic

[[category:tools]]
[[category:Onomastics]]
[[Category:Prosopography]]

Eulexis

2020-06-16T17:49:13Z

RegisRobineau: Update texts and links

==Available==

* '''Desktop app''' (download and help pages): https://outils.biblissima.fr/en/eulexis/
** Source code on Github: https://github.com/PhVerkerk/Eulexis_off_line
* '''Web app''': https://outils.biblissima.fr/en/eulexis-web/
** Source Code on Github: https://github.com/biblissima/eulexis

==Description==

Eulexis is a lemmatiser for Ancient Greek texts. It is a free and open source software, both available as desktop app (for Mac OSX and Windows) and as an online web application.

The Eulexis software is developed by Philippe Verkerk and is made available under the [http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 license].

==Authors==

* Philippe Verkerk
* Régis Robineau

==Credits==

Philipp Roelli, André Charbonnet, Mark De Wilde, Gérard Gréco, Peter J. Heslin, Yves Ouvrard, Eduard Frunzeanu and Régis Robineau.

[[category:tools]]
[[category:lemmatisation]]
[[category:morphology]]
[[category:Linguistics]]
[[category:Opensource]]

Biblissima

2020-03-26T21:25:03Z

RegisRobineau:

==Available==
* Biblissima Portal: https://portail.biblissima.fr/en/
* IIIF Collections of Manuscripts and Rare Books: https://iiif.biblissima.fr/collections/

==Editors==
* Anne-Marie Turcan-Verkerk (Scientific Director)
* Kévin Bois (developer)
* Eduard Frunzeanu (data analysis and interoperability)
* Régis Robineau (technical coordinator, IIIF expert)

==Contact==

* team@biblissima-condorcet.fr

==Description==

Biblissima is an Observatory for Medieval and Renaissance Written Cultural Heritage in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period. It is a data facility for historians of ancient texts that is mainly focused on the study of the circulation of books and the transmission of texts from the 8th to 18th centuries. It maintains a digital infrastructure which provides unified access to a set of digital data on medieval manuscripts, incunabula and early printed books.

===Biblissima Portal===

Taken from the project website (Accessed 2020-03-26):

<blockquote>
This portal is a virtual library of libraries: discover the history of various texts and books that were written, translated, illuminated, collected and catalogued from Classical Antiquity through the 18th century.
</blockquote>

===IIIF Collections prototype===

Taken from the project website (Accessed 2019-12-03):

<blockquote>
This website provides an experimental cross-collection search and discovery environment for IIIF-compliant manuscripts and rare books dated before 1800.

The general approach of this prototype is not only to harvest and index the Manifests’ metadata as present at the source, but also to reconcile, cluster and normalise some of the metadata elements in order to enable powerful search capabilities. This data processing uses the big cluster of authorities which forms the backbone of the Biblissima portal.

This is a prototype application, it will be enhanced, updated and enriched on a regular basis.
</blockquote>

At present the site contains metadata, and in many cases browsable images, for some 65,000 manuscripts.

[[category:projects]]
[[category:manuscripts]]

Collatinus

2016-02-03T21:40:54Z

RegisRobineau: /* Available */

== Available ==

* Download: http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus/
* Use Online: http://collatinus.fltr.ucl.ac.be/ (moved permanently to http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus-web/)
* Source code :
** https://github.com/biblissima/collatinus-src : sources of Collatinus software
** https://github.com/biblissima/collatinus-data : linguistic data used by Collatinus software
** https://github.com/biblissima/collatinus-web-daemon : server daemon for Collatinus-web

== Author ==

* Yves Ouvrard (with the assistance of Philippe Verkerk)

== Description ==

Collatinus is a free, open-source application for the lemmatization and morphological analysis of Latin texts, available in both online and stand-alone versions (the latter available for Mac, Windows, and Linux platforms).

The following extended description (in French) is copied from the project website:

: Collatinus est à la fois un lemmatiseur et un analyseur morphologique de textes latins : il est capable, si on lui donne une forme déclinée ou conjuguée, de trouver quel mot il faudra chercher dans le dictionnaire pour avoir sa traduction dans une autre langue, ses différents sens, et toutes les autres données que fournit habituellement le dictionnaire.

: En pratique, il est utile surtout au professeur de latin, qui peut ainsi très rapidement, à partir d’un texte hors-manuel, distribuer à ses élèves un texte inédit avec son aide lexicale. Les élèves s’en servent souvent pour lire plus facilement le latin lorsque leurs connaissances lexicales et morphologiques sont encore insuffisantes.

: Principales fonctionnalités: lemmatisation de mots latins ou d'un texte latin entier, traduction des lemmes grâce aux dictionnaires de latin incorporés dans l'application, affichage des quantités (durée longue ou brève des syllabes) et des flexions (déclinaison ou conjugaison).

[[Category:Lemmatisation]]
[[Category:Morphology]]
[[Category:Tools]]

Collatinus

2016-02-03T21:34:53Z

RegisRobineau: /* Available */

== Available ==

* Download: http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus/
* Use Online: http://collatinus.fltr.ucl.ac.be/ (moved permanently to http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus-web/)

== Author ==

* Yves Ouvrard (with the assistance of Philippe Verkerk)

== Description ==

Collatinus is a free, open-source application for the lemmatization and morphological analysis of Latin texts, available in both online and stand-alone versions (the latter available for Mac, Windows, and Linux platforms).

The following extended description (in French) is copied from the project website:

: Collatinus est à la fois un lemmatiseur et un analyseur morphologique de textes latins : il est capable, si on lui donne une forme déclinée ou conjuguée, de trouver quel mot il faudra chercher dans le dictionnaire pour avoir sa traduction dans une autre langue, ses différents sens, et toutes les autres données que fournit habituellement le dictionnaire.

: En pratique, il est utile surtout au professeur de latin, qui peut ainsi très rapidement, à partir d’un texte hors-manuel, distribuer à ses élèves un texte inédit avec son aide lexicale. Les élèves s’en servent souvent pour lire plus facilement le latin lorsque leurs connaissances lexicales et morphologiques sont encore insuffisantes.

: Principales fonctionnalités: lemmatisation de mots latins ou d'un texte latin entier, traduction des lemmes grâce aux dictionnaires de latin incorporés dans l'application, affichage des quantités (durée longue ou brève des syllabes) et des flexions (déclinaison ou conjugaison).

[[Category:Lemmatisation]]
[[Category:Morphology]]
[[Category:Tools]]

Morphological parsing or lemmatising Greek and Latin

2014-10-09T15:58:07Z

RegisRobineau: /* Lemmatisation */

==Lemmatisation==

See: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemmatisation Wikipedia page on lemmatisation]

Typically when implementing a search engine for a digital corpus, one wants to enable discovery not only of occurrences of exact word forms in the query but also of other inflections of the search terms. For example if you search Google for "digital classicism", your results will include [[Digital Classicist]] and even though "classicist" is not the exact word "classicism", you may be interested in the result. The same applies even more to highly flective languages such as Greek and Latin (this is, after all, how people are taught to use the dictionaries --- you have to know, or predict, the lemma of a word to be able to look up its meaning and other information on it).

The lemma dictionaries typically connect many occurrences of inflected word forms to their lemma form, and act as a mediator between a query (or the one who asks it) and a database, a corpus, or a text collection.

For Greek and Latin, the foremost freely available lemma dictionaries are included in the [[Morpheus]] source as XML files.

The [http://archimedes.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/arch/doc/xml-rpc.html Archimedes Project Morphology Service] also provides an XML-RPC web interface --- a script which forwards queries to the Morpheus dictionaries. Such a script can be included in pages of other text collections, enabling lemmatizing searches via a "third-party" service.

=== Tools ===

==== Standalone ====

* [http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus/ Collatinus]: lemmatisation and morphological analysis tool for Latin (available source code and packages for Windows, Mac OS and Debian GNU/Linux, developed by Yves Ouvrard)

==== Online apps ====

* [http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus-web Collatinus-web]: web version of Collatinus software (lemmatisation and morphological analysis tool for Latin)
* [http://outils.biblissima.fr/eulexis Eulexis]: lemmatisation tool for ancient greek

==Parsing==

A related problem is that of parsing a text to mark up its syntactic structure. This can aid in lemmatisation because often multiple lemma forms can be inflected to the same inflected form, meaning that looking up the inflected form in a lemma dictionary will yield multiple results for the lemma form. Disambiguating to the correct lemma form is a difficult problem, and parsing words in context to their correct part of speech can aid in this immensely. One approach is to use software such as [http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/projekte/corplex/TreeTagger/ TreeTagger] trained to your language with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treebank Treebank] (such as the [http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/syntax/treebank/ Perseus Treebanks]).

==Stemming==

Another approach often used for expanding search results is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemming stemming], which typically tries to use an algorithmic approach to normalize inflected words and "chop off" the inflections to produce a "stem" word. An example for Latin is the [http://snowball.tartarus.org/otherapps/schinke/intro.html Schinke Latin Stemmer]. The search engine Egothor also has [http://www.egothor.org/book/bk01ch01s06.html a trainable stemmer component].

==Orthographic Variation==

Another difficulty in searching a corpus can be orthographic (spelling) variation in the text. For example, Latin has no standard orthography, which for diplomatic transcriptions (where the spelling has not been normalized by the editor, but remains as it is in the text) can mean that the same word may appear spelled differently throughout the corpus. [[XTF]] has [http://xtf.cdlib.org/documentation/under-the-hood/#Spelling a good introduction] to how they have approached the problem of spelling correction in their search engine (mainly from the perspective of users "mistyping" their query, but the problem is the same).

==See also==
* Longrée, Dominique and Poudat, Céline. "New Ways of Lemmatizing and Tagging Classical and post-Classical Latin: the LATLEM project of the LASLA". in Anreiter, Peter; Kienpointner, Manfred (Eds.) Proceedings of the 15th International Colloquium on Latin Linguistics (2010). (The proceedings are available here: [http://www.uibk.ac.at/sprachen-literaturen/sprawi/pdf/referategeordnet.pdf].)
* [[Morpheus]]
* [[Stopwords for Greek and Latin]]
* [https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=ind1006&L=DIGITALCLASSICIST&F=&S=&P=59 Discussion of morphological analysis on Digital Classicist mailing list]
* [http://perseus.uchicago.edu/about.html About Perseus under PhiloLogic]
* [http://morphadorner.northwestern.edu/ MorphAdorner] "provides methods for adorning text with standard spellings, parts of speech and lemmata" (but has primarily been used for English language texts).

===Solutions for online parsing===
* [http://www.ilc.cnr.it/lemlat/lemlat/index.html LemLat Latin Wordform Lemmatizer] (Istituto di Linguistica Computazionale "Antonio Zampolli" - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Area della Ricerca di Pisa)
* [http://www.stanthonypaduainstitute.org/xlateany.htm Latin Parse Help]
* [http://www.agfl.cs.ru.nl/lat/try.html LATINA parser of classical Latin]
* [https://wiki.projectbamboo.org/display/BTECH/Morphological+Analysis+Service+Contract+Description Tufts/Bamboo Morphology Service API]

[[category:FAQ]]
[[category:Tools]]
[[category:morphology]]

Collatinus

2014-10-09T15:47:53Z

RegisRobineau:

Collatinus is an on-line and standalone application for lemmatizing Latin texts (by Yves OUVRARD).

* [http://outils.biblissima.fr/collatinus/ Collatinus homepage (new page)] (in French ; new releases available for Mac OS, Windows and Debian GNU/Linux)
* [http://www.collatinus.org/ Collatinus homepage (old page)] (in French)
* [http://collatinus.fltr.ucl.ac.be/ Collatinus on-line portal] (at the faculté de Philosophie et Lettres de l'UCL à Louvain-la-Neuve; in French)

[[Category:Tools]]